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I am interested in iterates (and uniterates) of logical operators, like nand, xor ... etc. .
Let's investigate the nand op:
x↑y = ¬(x&y)
Iterating x O y means this: x O x O ... O x (y-times)
Thus
x ↑ x ↑ ... ↑ x := x ↑↑ y
x ↑↑ 1 = x
x ↑↑ 2 = x ↑ x = ¬x
x ↑↑ 3 = x ↑ ¬x = ¬(x & ¬x) = x v ¬x
x ↑↑ 4 = x ↑ (x v ¬x) = ¬(x & (x v ¬x)) = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 5 = x ↑ (x & ¬x) = ¬(x & (x & ¬x)) = x v ¬x
x ↑↑ 6 = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 7 = x v ¬x
... etc.
So
x ↑↑ 2k = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 2k-1 = x v ¬x
where k is bigger integer than 2
My question: Can k be any real or complex number?
(In my view to do this, we should know what "between" & and v is.)
Xorter Unizo
Posts: 1,918
Threads: 414
Joined: Feb 2009
(03/12/2017, 03:08 PM)Xorter Wrote: I am interested in iterates (and uniterates) of logical operators, like nand, xor ... etc. .
Let's investigate the nand op:
x↑y = ¬(x&y)
Iterating x O y means this: x O x O ... O x (y-times)
Thus
x ↑ x ↑ ... ↑ x := x ↑↑ y
x ↑↑ 1 = x
x ↑↑ 2 = x ↑ x = ¬x
x ↑↑ 3 = x ↑ ¬x = ¬(x & ¬x) = x v ¬x
x ↑↑ 4 = x ↑ (x v ¬x) = ¬(x & (x v ¬x)) = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 5 = x ↑ (x & ¬x) = ¬(x & (x & ¬x)) = x v ¬x
x ↑↑ 6 = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 7 = x v ¬x
... etc.
So
x ↑↑ 2k = x & ¬x
x ↑↑ 2k-1 = x v ¬x
where k is bigger integer than 2
My question: Can k be any real or complex number?
(In my view to do this, we should know what "between" & and v is.)
---
I like the basic idea to do dynamics in set theory , Logic and the alike.
However i see many issues.
First you write alot " x and not x " and "x or not x" and they are ( in boolean ) either trivial or paradoxical !
Like " this sentense is false ".
or " this is true and false " , " this is true or false.
Secondly
suppose we let times -1 mean not.
Than iterations of not give the unit circle in the complex plane.
but what does it mean " i " ? What does it mean to half-iterate NOT ?
0r the pi th iteration of x OR y ???
you only have a few things like and or not true etc.
but you want continue iterations ??
or if you introduce new things like " i " above you need to Well define it !!
so as of now im very skeptical for continue iterations.
as for integer iterates that might work.
i think one then needs to associate it with groups or rings.
maybe modular arithmetic too.
Regards
tommy1729
the master
Posts: 93
Threads: 30
Joined: Aug 2016
(03/23/2017, 01:27 PM)tommy1729 Wrote: ---
I like the basic idea to do dynamics in set theory , Logic and the alike.
However i see many issues.
First you write alot " x and not x " and "x or not x" and they are ( in boolean ) either trivial or paradoxical !
Like " this sentense is false ".
or " this is true and false " , " this is true or false.
Secondly
suppose we let times -1 mean not.
Than iterations of not give the unit circle in the complex plane.
but what does it mean " i " ? What does it mean to half-iterate NOT ?
0r the pi th iteration of x OR y ???
you only have a few things like and or not true etc.
but you want continue iterations ??
or if you introduce new things like " i " above you need to Well define it !!
so as of now im very skeptical for continue iterations.
as for integer iterates that might work.
i think one then needs to associate it with groups or rings.
maybe modular arithmetic too.
Regards
tommy1729
the master
Very good questions.
Well, to be honest, (x or not x), (x and not x) are neither trivial nor paradoxical, just think of fuzzy logic with x=0.5 (half truth or sg like this), then each expression results 0.5, right?
What is the half iterative of negation? The imaginary negation, about what we know that:
¬^.5 o ¬^.5 = ¬, where o is composition.
It is as mysterious as the imaginary unit. I think.
But it solves your so-called paradox, that: "This statement is false.". Its value neither true nor false, it is (
¬^.5)(true), so so-called this is the imaginary truth ... solving the all the paradoxes. 
What is the pi-th and the i-th iterate of the logical ops? This is my question.
Xorter Unizo